11 June 1429-Joan of Arc Leads French Forces to Victory at Battle of Jargeau

 

1456 - Birth of Anne Neville  at Warwick Castle.She was an English queen, the daughter of Richard Neville, 16th Earl of Warwick (the "Kingmaker"). She became Princess of Wales as the wife of Edward of Westminster and then Queen of England as the wife of King Richard III.

 

As a member of the powerful House of Neville, she was caught up in the Wars of the Roses fought between the House of York and House of Lancaster for the English crown. Her father Warwick betrothed her as a girl to Edward, Prince of Wales, the son of Henry VI.The marriage was to seal an alliance to the House of Lancaster and continue the civil war between the two houses of Lancaster and York.

 

After the death of Edward, the Dowager Princess of Wales married Richard, Duke of Gloucester, brother of Edward IV and of George, Duke of Clarence, the husband of Anne Neville's older sister Isabel. Anne Neville became queen when Richard III ascended the throne in June 1483, following the declaration that Edward IV's children by Elizabeth Woodville were illegitimate. Anne Neville predeceased her husband by five months, dying in March 1485. Her only child was Edward of Middleham, who predeceased her.

1488 - Death of James III of Scotland.He was King of Scots from 1460 to 1488. James was an unpopular and ineffective monarch owing to an unwillingness to administer justice fairly, a policy of pursuing alliance with the Kingdom of England, and a disastrous relationship with nearly all his extended family. However, it was through his marriage to Margaret of Denmark that the Orkney and Shetland islands became Scottish.

 

His reputation as the first Renaissance monarch in Scotland has sometimes been exaggerated, based on attacks on him in later chronicles for being more interested in such unmanly pursuits as music than hunting, riding and leading his kingdom into war. In fact, the artistic legacy of his reign is slight, especially when compared to that of his successors, James IV and James V. Such evidence as there is consists of portrait coins produced during his reign that display the king in three-quarter profile wearing an imperial crown, the Trinity Altarpiece by Hugo van der Goes, which was probably not commissioned by the king, and an unusual hexagonal chapel at Restalrig near Edinburgh, perhaps inspired by the Church of the Holy Sepulchre in Jerusalem.

1509 - Henry VIII married Catherine of Aragon at Greenwich Palace.

1513-Licence by the King (who intends speedily to pass over sea against the French King and desires that his wife Katharine queen of England may be suitably attended) for servants of the Queen to be exempted from attendance upon him in the said wars. "Her Chamberlain and Chancellor hath certified" the names of her said councillors, officers and servants as appears "in a [schedule] to these our letters patents annexed. Given at our manor of Grenewyche, &c." Mem. subscribed: In the warrant of the Privy Seal for the above be it specified that any persons named in the said schedule shall, upon request and, without fine, have letters patent to the above effect bearing the date of this "grant."

 

1520-Martin Luther Publishes Book Attacking the Papacy

 

 

1528-Anne Boleyn to Wolsey

My Lord, in my most humble wise I desire you to pardon me that I am so bold to trouble you with my simple and rude writing, proceeding from one who is much desirous to know that your Grace does well, as I perceive by this bearer. The great pains you take for me, both day and night, are never likely to be recompensed, "but alonely in loving you, next unto the King's grace, above all creatures living," as my deeds shall manifest. I long to hear from you news of the Legate, and hope they will be very good.

 

Added by the King:—The writer of this would not cease till she had called me likewise to set to my hand. Both of us desire to see you, and are glad to hear you have escaped the plague so well, trusting the fury of it is abated, especially with those that keep good diet, as I trust you do. The not hearing of the Legate's arrival in France causeth us somewhat to muse; but we trust by your diligence shortly to be eased of that trouble.

1536- Dr. Ortiz to the Empress.

On the first day of Whitsuntide the convocation of the Council at Mantua was promulgated.

Chapuys writes that "La Ana" and her five lovers, one of them being her brother, were imprisoned in the Tower on May 2. They were beheaded on May 17, and she on the following Friday. The King has ordered Parliament to be summoned after Whitsuntide. It is hoped that many good things will be done. The Princess has been suffering in her head and molar teeth, but it is not of much consequence.

La Ana was beheaded before many people. She took the Sacrament in prison before her execution, and complained that she had not been executed on Wednesday with her brother, saying that she hoped to have gone to Paradise with him, and that she died by the laws of the kingdom. Two of the five confessed their guilt. One, who was the principal gentleman of the King's chamber, said a great deal about the justice of his death, and that a favoured servant ought not to flatter his prince and consent to his desires as he had done. Rome, 11 June 1536.

 

1546-Peace with France.

Proclamation of the peace concluded with the French king, in which is also included the Emperor Charles. 

 

1560 - Death  of Mary of Guise.She was queen of Scotland as the second spouse of King James V. She was the mother of Mary, Queen of Scots, and served as regent of Scotland in her daughter's name from 1554 to 1560. A native of Lorraine, she was a member of the powerful House of Guise, which played a prominent role in 16th-century French politics. Her main goal was a close alliance between the powerful French Catholic nation and small Scotland, which she wanted to be Catholic and independent of England. She failed and at her death the Protestants took control of Scotland.

1594 – Philip II recognizes the rights and privileges of the local nobles and chieftains in the Philippines, which paved way to the stabilization of the rule of the Principalía (an elite ruling class of native nobility in Spanish Philippines).

source:http://www.british-history.ac.uk/,wikipedia

10 June 1523 – Copenhagen is surrounded by the army of Frederick I of Denmark, as the city won't recognise him as the successor of Christian II of Denmark.

 

1536-Anne Boleyn's Execution.

Anonymous letter giving an account of the execution on Wednesday 17th May of lord Rochford, Weston, Brereton, Norris, and Smeton, and on Friday the 19th of Anne Boleyn; with a report of their speeches on the scaffold. After her execution the Council declared that the Queen's daughter was the child of her brother, and that she should be removed from her place and the daughter of the former again acknowledged as princess and successor in the kingdom; "and the King did so receive her with the utmost graciousness." London, 10 June 1536.

 

 A copy of this tract, probably unique, belonging to the earl of Crawford and Balcarres, was exhibited at Aberdeen in the Loan Collection of MSS. at the time of the meeting of the British Association in 1885, and was collated with the letter in the Excerpta Historica for the Editor of this work by Mr. J. P. Edmond.

Princess Mary to Cromwell.

I send by the bearer, my servant, "both the King's Highness' letter, (Meaning her letter to the King's Highness) sealed, and the copy of the same, again to you." You will see I have followed your advice, and will do so in all things concerning my duty to the King, God and my conscience not offended; for I take you as one of my chief friends next his Grace and the Queen. I desire you, for Christ's passion, to find means that I be not moved to any further entry in this matter than I have done; for I assure you I have done the utmost my conscience will suffer me, and I neither desire nor intend to do less than I have done. "But if I be put to any more (I am plain with you as with my great friend) my said conscience will in no ways suffer me to consent thereunto." Except in this point, neither you nor any other shall be more desirous to have me obey the King than I shall be ready to do so. I had rather lose my life than displease him. I beg you to take this letter in good part. I would not have troubled you so much, but that the end of your letter caused me a little to fear I shall have more business hereafter. Hownsdon, 10 June.

 Princess Mary to Henry VIII.

Begs his daily blessing. Has already, she trusts, obtained forgiveness on her suit, with licence to write to him; but hopes for some token or message of reconciliation, and that she may obtain her fervent desire of access to his presence. Excuses her importunity. Begs him to accept his penitent child, who henceforth puts her state and living in his mercy, next to Almighty God, under whatever conditions. Prays God preserve him and the Queen, and send them a prince. Hownsdon, 10 June.

Cromwell to Princess Mary.

"I have received your letters, whereby it appeareth you be in great discomfort, and do desire that I should find the means to speak with you." Your discomfort can be no greater than mine, who upon your letters have spoken so much of your repentance for your wilful obstinacy against the King, and of your humble submission to obey his pleasure and laws in all things without exception or qualification. Knowing how diversely and contrarily you have proceeded at the late being of his Majesty's Council with you, I am ashamed of what I have said and afraid of what I have done. What the sequel shall be God knows. With your folly you undo yourself, and I say to you, as I have said elsewhere heretofore, it were pity you should not be an example in punishment, "if you will make yourself an example in the contempt of God, your natural father and his laws by your only fantasie, contrary to the judgments and determinations of all men that ye must confess do know and love God as well as you." To be plain with you, I think you the most obstinate woman that ever was, and I dare not open my lips to name you unless I have such a ground thereto that it may appear you were mistaken, or at least that you repent your ingratitude and are ready to do your duty. I have therefore sent you a book of articles to subscribe, on receiving which from you again, with a letter declaring that you think in your heart as you have subscribed with your hand, I will venture to speak for your reconciliation. If you do not leave all sinister counsels, which have brought you to the point of undoing, I take leave of you for ever, and desire you to write to me no more; "for I will never think you other than the most ungrate, unnatural, and most obstinate person living, both to God and your most dear and benign father. And I advise you to nothing, but I beseech God never to help me if I know it not so certainly to be your bounden duty, by God's laws and man's laws, that I must needs judge that person that shall refuse it not meet to live in a Christian congregation; to the witness whereof I take Christ, whose mercy I refuse if I write anything unto you that I have not professed in my heart and know to be true."

 

1538 - Catholic German monarchy signs League of Neuremberg

 

1540 - Thomas Cromwell was arrested for high treason at a Council meeting and imprisoned in the Tower.A bill of attainder(an act of a legislature declaring a person or group of persons guilty of some crime and punishing them without privilege of a judicial trial) containing a long list of indictments, including supporting Anabaptists, protecting Prostestants accused of Heresy and thus failing to enforce the Act of Six Articles, and plotting to marry Lady Mary Tudor, was introduced into the House of Lords a week later, and was passed on 29 June 1540. He was also connected with 'sacramentarians'(those who denied transubstantiation) in Calais. All Cromwell's honours were forfeited. The King deferred the execution until his marriage to Anne of Cleves could be annulled. Hoping for clemency, Cromwell wrote in support of the annulment in his last personal address to the King

 

 

 

Cranmer to Henry VIII.

Heard yesterday in the King's Council that Cromwell is a traitor. Expresses his amazement and grief that he should be a traitor who was so advanced by the King and cared for no man's displeasure to serve him, and was so vigilant to detect treason that King John, Henry II., and Richard II., had they had such a councillor, would never have been so overthrown as they were. Loved him as a friend, and the more for the love he seemed to bear the King; and now, although glad that his treason is discovered, is very sorrowful; for whom shall the King trust hereafter? Prays God to send the King a councillor he can trust, and who, for all his qualities, can serve like him.

1543-Mary Queen Of Scots to Christian III.

In former letters signified the death of her father and appointment of James earl of Arran to the tutelage of herself and the realm; and also how her father, when he died, in his last will, commanded (after the ancient custom) that she and the princes of Scotland should cultivate the ancient confederacy with the kings of the Danes. Edw. Crawfurde, Hen. Tindel and David Carnebe, her subjects, who are about to sail into Prussia for grain, have petitioned her to beg him to commend them by letter to the prince of Prussia, his sister's husband. Begs him to permit them and other Scots to trade for grain within his realms and (at his request) those of his confederates. Linlithgow, 10 June 1543.

1584 - Death of Francis, Duke of Anjou and Alençon.He was the youngest son of Henry II of France and Catherine de' Medici.

In 1579, arrangements began to be made for marrying him to Elizabeth I of England. Alençon, now Duke of Anjou, was in fact the only one of Elizabeth's foreign suitors to court her in person. He was 24 and Elizabeth was 46. Despite the age gap, the two soon became very close, Elizabeth dubbing him her "frog" on account of a frog-shaped earring he had given her

 

 

 

source:http://www.british-history.ac.uk/,wikipedia

 

Damian Lewis appears in Tudor costume to play King Henry VIII in BBC drama Wolf Hall

http://www.dailymail.co.uk/tvshowbiz/article-2653199/Damien-Lewis-appears-Tudor-custom-play-King-Henry-VIII-new-BBC-drama-Wolf-Hall.html

 

 

 

9 June 1511 - Death of William Courtenay, 1st Earl of Devon,feudal baron of Okehampton and feudal baron of Plympton,was a member of the leading noble family of Devon. His principal seat was Tiverton Castle, Devon with further residences at Okehampton Castle and Colcombe Castle, also in that county.

1533- Sir Edw. Baynton to Lord Rochford.

The Queen's coronation is honorably passed "as ever was, if all old and ancient men say true." Mr. Will. à Brereton has been here since your departure about the matter your Lordship put me in trust in. "The news that came last night with your Lordship's letter be marvellously mused on," but they are too high for me. "And as for pastime in the Queen's chamber was never more. If any of you that be now departed have any ladies that they thought favored you, and somewhat would mourn at parting of their servants, I can no whit perceive the same by their dancing and pastime they do use here." There is a hawk called a merlyon, that I think is not yet ready to fly at the larks in this country. Begs him to thank my lord of Norfolk for his token. Tell him my lord of Suffolk is loth to let fall a noble unless he took up a royal for it. "The matter doth partly appear in a letter by my Lady your wife's, or else by some others, I am sure, that hath advertised him by their letters." Will not write at present "the circumstances of the way." Greenwich, 9 June.

 

 

1549-The Book of Common Prayer is first used in English churches on this Pentecost. Created by a group of English scholars, but primarily Archbishop of Canterbury Thomas Cranmer, it becomes the principal liturgical text of the Anglican church.

 

The full title at this time is "The Book of the Common Prayer and Administration of the Sacraments and other Rites and Ceremonies of the Church after the Use of the Church of England."

 

Creation of this book has been a decisive move in the direction of Protestantism because it places the primary emphasis of worship on the Bible itself while removing a number of Catholic ceremonial elements. It also gives the services in English rather than Latin, thus appealing directly to the people.

 

At the same time, the contents are general enough that they can be open to both Catholic and Protestant interpretations. This makes it easier to get the people to use it without objection because it appeals to their expectations and what they are used to while gradually moving them away from Catholic traditions.

 

source:http://skepticism.org/

1563 – Death of William Paget, 1st Baron Paget, English accountant and politician 

1572 – Death of Jeanne d'Albret, French wife of Antoine of Navarre

1583 – Death of Thomas Radclyffe, 3rd Earl of Sussex, English politician, Lord Lieutenant of Ireland 

 

 

08 June 1476 - Death of George Neville,  archbishop of York and Chancellor of England, was the youngest son of Richard Neville, 5th Earl of Salisbury, and Alice Neville, 5th Countess of Salisbury. He was the brother of Richard Neville, 16th Earl of Warwick, known as the "Kingmaker."

 

1492 - Death of Elizabeth Woodville, she was Queen consort of England as the spouse of King Edward IV from 1464 until his death in 1483. At the time of her birth, her family was mid-ranked in the English aristocracy. Her first marriage was to a minor supporter of the House of Lancaster, Sir John Grey of Groby; he died at the Second Battle of St Albans, leaving Elizabeth a widowed mother of two sons. Her second marriage, to Edward IV, was a cause célèbre of the day, thanks to Elizabeth's great beauty and lack of great estates. Edward was only the second King of England since the Norman Conquest to have married one of his subjects, and Elizabeth was the first such consort to be crowned Queen. Her marriage greatly enriched her siblings and children, but their advancement incurred the hostility of Richard Neville, Earl of Warwick, 'The Kingmaker', and his various alliances with the most senior figures in the increasingly-divided royal family.

 

This hostility turned into open discord between King Edward and Warwick, leading to a battle of wills that finally resulted in Warwick switching allegiance to the Lancastrian cause. Elizabeth remained politically influential even after her son, briefly proclaimed King Edward V of England, was deposed by her brother-in-law, Richard III, and she would play an important role in securing Henry VII's accession to the throne in 1485, which ended the Wars of the Roses. However, after 1485 she was forced to yield pre-eminence to Henry's mother, Lady Margaret Beaufort, and her influence on events in these years, and her eventual departure from court into retirement, remains obscure.

 

Woodville's children included the Princes in the Tower and Elizabeth of York; by the latter she was maternal grandmother of Henry VIII and great-grandmother of King Edward VI, Queen Mary I of England and Queen Elizabeth I and the great-great-grandmother of Mary, Queen of Scots. Through her daughter, Elizabeth of York, she is the ancestor of every English monarch since Henry VIII and every Scottish monarch since James V of Scotland.

1533-Coronation Of Anne Boleyn.

"The receiving, conveying, and coronation of the Queen."

In consequence of letters from the King to the mayor and commonalty of London, desiring them to make preparations for escorting queen Anne from Greenwich to the Tower, and to make pageants in the city on [Whit] Sunday next, the day of the coronation, the common council ordered the Haberdashers, to which craft Sir Steven Pecock, the mayor, belonged, to prepare barges decked with targets and banners.

On May 29 the mayor and his brethren assembled at St. Mary Hill at one o'clock, and embarked on board their barges, of which there were 50, with "shalmes, shagbushes," and other instruments on board. Before the mayor's barge was a "foiste for a wafter," full of ordnance. In the foiste was a great red dragon casting wild fire, and round about terrible monsters and wild men. Another foiste contained the Queen's device, a mount, with a white falcon crowned standing thereon, upon a "rowte" of gold, environed with red and white roses. Round the mount sat virgins singing and playing. On their arrival at Greenwich, the Queen entered her barge at three o'clock, and the whole company rowed up to the Tower. About her barge were the duke of Suffolk, the marquis of Dorset, the earls of Wiltshire, Derby, Arundel, Rutland, Worcester, Huntingdon, Sussex, Oxford, and others, and many bishops and noblemen, in their barges. On the way the ships lying on the shore shot divers peals of guns, and before she landed there was a marvellous shot out of the Tower. At her landing she was met by the Lord Chamberlain and officers of arms, and brought to the King at the postern by the water side. He kissed her, and she turned back and thanked the mayor and citizens, and then entered the Tower. None of the citizens landed but the mayor, recorder, and two aldermen. The rest "hoved before the Tower, making great melody." Friday, 29th, the following gentlemen, who were appointed to be knights of the Bath, served the King at dinner, and were bathed and shriven according to custom ; the next day they were dubbed :—The marquis of Dorset, the earl of Derby, lords Clifford, Fitzwater, Hastings, Mountaigle, and Vaux, Sir Henry Parker, Sir Wm. Windesour, Sir John Mordaunt, Sir Francis Weston, Sir Thos. Arundell, Sir John Hudelston, Sir Thos. Poyninges, Sir Hen. Savell, Sir George Fitzwilliam, of Lincolnshire, Sir John Tyndall, Sir Thos. Jermey, [and one other, heir to lord Windsor. "President saith these six more, viz., Mr. Corbett, Mr. Wyndam, Mr. Barkeley, Mr. Verney, of Peuleye, John Germyne, and Robert Whytneye, of Gloucestershire ; but I think not." ]

Saturday, 31st. The receiving and conveying of the Queen through London.

The streets from the Tower to Temple Bar were gravelled to prevent the horses slipping, and railed on one side. The crafts stood along one side of the streets from Graces Church to the little conduit in Chepe, and on the other side the constables in velvet and silk, with great staves in their hands. The streets were hanged with tapestry, cloth of gold, and other hangings, and the windows were filled with ladies and gentlewomen. The order of the Queen's train was as follows : 12 Frenchmen belonging to the French ambassador ; then gentlemen, esquires and knights, two and two ; judges, knights of the Bath, abbots, barons, bishops, earls, marquises, the Lord Chancellor, the archbishop of York, Venetian ambassador, archbishop of Canterbury, French ambassador, two esquires of honor with robes and caps of estate representing the dukes of Normandy and Aquitaine ; the mayor of London ; Garter ; Lord Wm. Howard, deputy to his brother the duke of Norfolk, with the Marshal's rod ; Chas. duke of Suffolk, for that day high constable of England, bearing the verge of silver ; and the Queen's chancellor. On both sides of the lords rode serjeants and officers of arms. The Queen was in an open litter of white cloth of gold, drawn by two palfreys in white damask. She wore a surcoat and mantle of white cloth of tissue, the latter furred with ermines. Her hair was hanging down, but on her head was a coif with a circlet of rich stones. A canopy was borne over her by four knights. After the Queen came lord Borough, her chamberlain ; Sir Wm. Coffyn, master of her horses, leading a spare horse, with a side saddle ; seven ladies in crimson velvet and cloth of gold ; a chariot containing the old duchess of Norfolk, and the old "Marquesse Dorset" ; other ladies and gentlewomen in chariots and on horseback, and lastly the Guard, in coats of goldsmith's work. Along the road there were many pageants, which are fully described, representing mythological and allegorical subjects. The Cross in Cheapside, and the conduits there and in Fleet Street, and Ludgate and Temple Bar, were newly repaired and painted. At the Cross, Master Baker, the recorder, made a speech, and presented her with 1,000 marks in the name of the city. The children of St. Paul's school were placed on a scaffold erected at the east end of St. Paul's, and repeated poetry in honor of the King and Queen. The litter was carried into Westminster Hall, when she alighted and took her place at the high dais under the cloth of estate. A service of spice and "suttilties," with ypocras and other wines, was offered to her, which she sent to her ladies. After thanking those who had attended on her she withdrew to her chamber in the White Hall, and afterwards went secretly in her barge to the King at his manor of Westminster.

Whitsunday, June 1. The mayor, aldermen, sheriffs, and councillors left the city for Westminster at 7 a.m. Between eight and nine the Queen came into the Hall, and stood under the cloth of estate ; and then the King's chapel and the monks of Westminster came in with rich copes, with many bishops and abbots. The Queen then went to the high altar of Westminster, accompanied by the aldermen, barons, dukes and earls, bishops, &c. The marquis of Dorset bore the sceptre ; the earl of Arundel, the rod of ivory and the dove ; and the earl of Oxford, high chamberlain, the crown. The duke of Suffolk, being high steward of England for that day, bare a long white rod, and lord Wm. Howard the rod of the marshalship. The Queen wore a surcoat and robe of purple velvet, furred with ermine, wearing her hair with a coif and circlet as on the Saturday. Four of the Cinque Ports bore the canopy over her. The bishops of London and Winchester bare up the laps of her robe, and her train was borne by the old duchess of Norfolk, many other ladies following. She rested awhile in a rich chair between the choir and high altar, and then proceeded to the altar, where the archbishop of Canterbury crowned her with the crown of St. Edward, which being heavy, was taken off again, and the crown made for her put on. After mass was performed, she received the Sacrament, and offered at St. Edward's shrine. The company returned to Westminster Hall in the same order, the Queen being supported by the earl of Wiltshire and lord Talbot, deputy for the earl of Shrewsbury.

The order and sitting at dinner :—

The duke of Suffolk was high steward. Lord Wm. earl marshal, as deputy for his brother. The earl of Oxford, high chamberlain. The earl of Essex, carver. The earl of Sussex, sewer. The earl of Arundel, chief butler. The earl of Derby, cupbearer. Lord Lisle, panter. Lord of Burgayne, chief larder. Lord Bray, almoner. The mayor of Oxford kept the buttery bar. Thos. Wiat was chief sewer for his father, Sir Henry. The countess of Oxford, widow, and the Countess of Worcester, stood beside the Queen's chair, "which divers times in the dinner time did hold a fine cloth before the Queen's face when she list to spit or do otherwise at her pleasure." The archbishop of Canterbury sat on the Queen's right, and at her feet, under the table, two gentlewomen. The first course was brought in by the duke of Suffolk and Lord Wm. Howard, on horseback, the serjeants-of-arms, the sewer, and knights of the Bath. Account of the persons sitting at the different tables, and the number of dishes. The King and divers ambassadors looked on from a little closet out of the cloister of St. Stephen's. After dinner, wafers and ypocras were served ; and when the Queen had washed, the company meanwhile standing, the table was taken up, and the earl of Rutland brought up the surnape, which was drawn by Master Rede, marshal of the Hall. The earl of Sussex then brought a void of spice and confections, and the mayor of London a standing cup of gold, which she gave him after drinking therefrom. When she departed to her chamber, she gave the canopy to the barons of the Cinque Ports ; and then the mayor, and noblemen and gentlemen, departed, for it was six o'clock.

On Monday there were jousts at the tilt before the King's Gate. The mayor and his brethren had a goodly standing ; but there were few spears broken, as the horses would not couple.

On Wednesday the King sent for the mayor and his brethren to Westminster, and thanked them.

On the next leaf is a plan of the arrangement of the tables, with drawings of the Queen and archbishop of Canterbury at table, and the King looking on from the closet.

 

 

1533 - Papal authority in England was denied by Parliament.

 

1536-Charles V. to Chapuys.

We received, on the 5th, your letters of the 19th ult., and take it as very good service that you have so fully informed us of the contents besides what you have written to Granvelle; desiring you to continue to keep us informed of what you negociate on the matters of which we wrote to you by the secretary of the English ambassador here, and since by your man George, for until we have more certain knowledge we cannot tell what to say. We trust to your discretion to advise and assist the Princess our cousin as you have done hitherto. We send copies of the answer made by the French king to the Pope in reply to what we lately said to his Holiness at Rome, and also of the reply made by us to the said answer, which you may use with the King and Cromwell as you think best. Asti, 8 June 1536.

 

1536 - Parliament passed the second Act of Succession removing Henry VIII’s daughters, Mary and Elizabeth, from the line of succession.

1536-Ten Articles of Religion by Thomas Cranmer is Published

This document begins the process of defining the doctrinal distinctions between Roman Catholicism and the newly established Anglican Church.

1536-Princess Mary to Henry VIII.

Begs his daily blessing. Though she understands, to her inestimable comfort, that he has forgiven all her offences and withdrawn his displeasure long time conceived against her, her joy will not be full till she is allowed to come to his presence. Begs pardon for her continual suit and rude writing, for nature will suffer her to do no otherwise. Hopes God will preserve him and the Queen, and send them a prince. Hownsdon, 8 June.

1536 - Henry Fitzroy, Duke of Richmond, made his last public appearance (at Parliament) before his death.

1551 - Pope Julius III excommunicates Duke Ottario Farnese of Parma

 

source:http://www.onthisdayintudorhistory.com/,http://www.british-history.ac.uk/

07 June 1394-Death of Anne of Bohemia, wife of Richard II of England

1515- Spinelly to Henry VIII

 

Wrote last on the 2nd. Sends letters from Wingfield. The Pope, the Emperor and the King of Arragon do [not] pull together; in the business of Genoa the Pope favors the French. "The Emperor's going towards Italy is a great likelihood of such alteration." Does not know the cause. The letters of Dr. Tunstal and the other Commissioners will inform him of their proceedings about the intercourse. The Provost of Cassel showed him last night a letter of the Audiencer, dated Dordryk, 2 June, by which it appears that Dissilstyne and his fleet did not dare cross to Friesland because the navy of the Duke of Gueldres and the Earl of Offerend was twice as strong as theirs, and that the places there which they had received from the Duke of Savoy were in danger from want of victuals. The Pope, influenced by the Cardinal St. Severin and the French ambassadors, has refused the dispensation demanded by Nassaw for his marriage. Wherefore it is conjectured that the Prince's affairs with France have but a small ground, as appears by the Duke of Gueldres' demeanor. The Provost supposes that the French do not set much by that treaty, seeing the contradiction of the Emperor and King of Arragon, and the young age of the prince and daughter of France, thinking they have profited by the presence of his ambassadors and by putting diffidence between the Emperor, Arragon [and the] Swiss. Finally, he said, the Frenchmen would do no good to this house, and that the daughter of Orange will not be allowed to leave France, and that Nassaw will marry Lord Fynes' daughter. All things considered, Henry's affairs are in better train than appearance has hitherto showed. Bruges, 7 June 1515.

 

1520 - First day of the Field of Cloth of Gold./Le camp du drap d'or

The Field of the Cloth of Gold or Camp du Drap d'Or is the name given to a place in Balinghem, between Guînes and Ardres, in France, near Calais, that was the site of a meeting that took place from 7 June to 24 June 1520, between King Henry VIII of England and King Francis I of France.

The meeting was arranged to increase the bond of friendship between the two kings following the Anglo-French treaty of 1514. The form "Field of Cloth of Gold" has been in general use in the English language since at least the 18th century. These two monarchs would meet again in 1532 to arrange Francis' assistance in pressuring Pope Clement VII to pronounce Henry's first marriage as illegitimate.

 

Under the guidance of English Cardinal Thomas Wolsey, the chief nations of Europe sought to outlaw war forever among Christian nations. Mattingly (1938) studied the causes of wars in that era, finding that such nonaggression treaties could never be stronger than the armies of their sponsors. When those forces were about equal, these treaties typically widened the conflict. That is, diplomacy could sometimes postpone war, but could not prevent wars based on irreconcilable interests and ambitions. What was lacking, Mattingly concludes, was a neutral power whose judgements were generally accepted by either impartial justice or by overwhelming force.

 

The site is indicated by a commemorative plaque on the Route de Marquise. The site, though now in France, was at the time regarded as part of England. This was probably the main reason for it as the choice of meeting place, being English territory but surrounded by France rendering it as close to neutral territory as was practicable.

 

Location of the Field of cloth of Gold:https://www.google.com/maps/place/50%C2%B051'08.3%22N+1%C2%B055'22.4%22E/@50.8523,1.9229,15z/data=!4m2!3m1!1s0x0:0x0

 

Letter dated Ardres, 7th June 1520, describing the interview between his most Christian Majesty and the King of England.

On the morning of the 7th June Cardinal Wolsey went to King Francis and dined with him, after which he departed, accompanied a good way by the Admiral, the Master of the Horse, and the Marshal de Chatillon. At about 5 p.m. two pieces of artillery were discharged as a signal, notifying to the King of England that King Francis was then taking to horse, and thus did he; King Henry on the other hand firing a third gun.

King Francis rode a very beautiful bay horse, caparisoned with embroidery and pearls. He himself wore a doublet of very costly cloth of gold and a cloak of the same material, and his jerkin, embroidered and slashed, was of great value. On his breast he wore sundry rich and beautiful jewels, and likewise on his cap, which was of black velvet. He was preceded by the military trumpeters, the fifers, and horn players, who performed one after the other. After the musicians came a great number of gentlemen of the Chamber and Wardrobe, all richly clad in cloths of gold and silver slashed in a variety of fashions, many of them having gold chains round their necks. The Switzers followed in battle array, with their drum major, and then came the King's macers, also in slashed garments of cloth of gold and silk, with massive gold chains of various sorts. The King followed, and was immediately in advance of the ambassadors and the princes of the blood royal and the barons, all in doublets of gold “soprarico,” many of which were slashed, exhibiting other gold beneath, and many wore cloaks like the King. Amongst the rest was the Admiral, who, besides gold and silver “soprarizi,” had a sailor's gold whistle at his side, adorned with pearls and jewels of great price, his cap being decorated in like manner. Last of all came the archer guard on horseback. Outside Ardres a file of many gentlemen in pairs, who preceded all the others, were drawn up and ranged on the left-hand side. At no great distance from the town were the Queen and Madame [Louise] in a litter, they having come to see the pomp of France, and when the King drew nigh he quitted the ranks, conversing awhile with his mother, cap in hand, and then returned to his place. The procession rode thus for a league and half, and at length reached a hill overlooking a valley in whose hollow was a very costly and beautiful tent, and beyond was another similar eminence, on which were seen assembled all the attendants of the King of England, who came in the following order:—First, some 60 mounted bowmen with their bows and arrows, the King's guard, followed by well-nigh as many more, the guard of Cardinal Wolsey, whose gentlemen followed, all dressed in crimson velvet, with gold chains round their necks; next the trumpeters; then a good number of gentlemen well arrayed in brocade of gold, silver, and silk, all with chains; and then the sackbuts followed in advance of the barons and lords of the kingdom, who were dressed in gold “soprarizo” with massive chains, and in the midst of them were the ambassadors. Then came the King with his running footmen, in number six, dressed in crimson velvet and gold, the footmen of King Francis being clad in white velvet and silver.

King Henry wore cloth of very rich silver, “soprarizo” and a cap with black feathers, the feathers in the cap of King Francis being also black. King Henry rode a bay horse of the breed of the Duke of Termini, with trappings like those of King Francis, and perhaps more rich in jewels; his Majesty himself wearing a jewelled collar in lieu of a chain, of great value, and a jewelled belt besides no less costly.

To the left of the King was Cardinal Wolsey, preceded by two crosses, his Lordship being dressed in crimson satin.

Then followed eight coursers, the handsomest ever seen in the world, all trapped in various fashions, rich and superb, and ridden by pages clad in brocade and crimson velvet.

The cavalcade, having proceeded thus for some while, arrived at a level, where from 300 to 400 infantry were drawn up, and placed the King in their centre, they being dressed in velvet and cloth, and having no other weapon than the sword, with the exception of some hundred in front, who carried halberts.

In this array the English company reached the hill, and ranged themselves along its summit, the French doing the like in the opposite direction. Many of the attendants were sent back, most especially on the French side, because so great an amount of persons caused suspicion to King Henry, on which account certain gentlemen carried messages to and fro, as the French in like manner took umbrage at so great an amount of infantry. But everything was at length arranged; and when the Kings arrived at their respective hills, the trumpets sounded from both one and the other, and their Majesties immediately commenced descending. King Francis was accompanied by the Admiral and the Constable, the latter carrying the naked sword in his hand; another official doing the like by King Henry, who was also accompanied by Cardinal Wolsey. When the two sovereigns were within a stone's throw of each other, they spurred their horses, and cap in hand embraced mutually, but the hot temper of the horses keeping them apart, they returned to the embrace, and simultaneously, without waiting for the running footmen (two of whom accompanied each sovereign) to hold their stirrups, dismounted with the greatest possible agility, and again gracefully embraced and kissed each other, cap in hand, evincing great affection.

The attendants in like manner dismounted, and the two Kings, arm in arm, proceeded to the door of the tent, into which King Francis wished King Henry to enter first, but he refused, and during the contest both Kings remained cap in hand, and at length King-Francis took precedence, without, however, once quitting the arm of King Henry. Having thus entered the tent, they remained there about two hours, and then ordered the collation, after which Cardinal Wolsey called some of the chief personages of his retinue that they might pay their respects to King Francis, who had already quitted the tent together with King Henry, and he embraced them all. Then the Admiral called some of the chief French personages, who were very graciously embraced by King Henry, the French and English lords doing the like by each other, with profound obeisances down to the ground; whereupon another collation was served, and they drank together, both parties presenting another batch of noblemen, who all went on foot like the first, and were embraced by both their Majesties. All the gentlemen, especially the French, were served with as much beverage as they pleased.

A great number of horsemen then descended into the valley from both sides, and went to see the two Kings. The writer went down [from the French side], and remarked the extreme courtesy which prevailed. The two Kings at length mounted on horseback, embracing each other again and again, cap in hand, and took leave, King Francis embracing the English noblemen, and King Henry the Frenchmen. And thus they quitted each other, the English returning a distance of one mile to Guisnes, and King Francis to Ardres, where he arrived after nightfall. On the return his horse kicked the Admiral on the leg and the English ambassador also, but they were not seriously injured.

The magnificence of the two Kings and of their noblemen was great and incredible, but the French excelled the English, both in apparel and horses, although the English had many gold chains, which were not usual in France.

It is said a banquet will be given on Sunday the 10th; then on Monday the jousts will commence, after which other tournaments were to be held.

The noblemen of France had pitched tents near Ardres; two, under which King Francis would lodge, were of cloth of gold.

Ardres, 7th June 1520

 Letter from the Court of France to the Magnifico Pietro Montemerlo, Royal Senator.

On Tuesday the 5th of June, the King of England came from Calais to Guisnes with the Queen and the whole court, accompanied by about 50 gentlemen. He rode a bay courser, and wore a garment of brocade ribbed with crimson satin, and on his head a hat trimmed with black feathers. He is a very handsome King, both in face and figure, and has a red beard, and his countenance resembles that of Giovanni Cristoforo Troto.

The Queen rode near him, on a palfrey, with the ladies; then came her litter of cloth of gold, followed by many other ladies; then a waggon (careta) covered with cloth of gold, drawn by six coursers; then ladies; and then three other similar waggons, of three colours, all covered with cloth of gold. The ladies were 20 in all, including Queen Mary, widow of King Lewis of France.

After the ladies came all the body-guard, namely, 200 archers; one half bowmen, and the other halberdiers, with doublets of green velvet and white satin; the breasts of the doublets being covered, like ours, with the King's arms, a rose surmounted by the crown.

On the Wednesday, at about the 20th hour, the English King mounted on horseback with some 50 archers and 100 gentlemen, and went to the lists appointed for the jousts. He had with him six coursers, trapped with crimson velvet, all covered with roses of beaten gold, and little bells; a fine sight. On arriving at the lists he made trial of the horses one after another, and he afterwards ran them one against the other, laughing the whole time, being in truth very merry, and he remained in the lists for upwards of two hours. Whilst there he was visited by Mons. de Chateaubriand, the brother “our” Mons. de Lautrec, and by other great personages, to whom he gave the best possible greeting.

Today, when the first conference was held, I went to Guisnes to see the procession of the King of England, which was as follows:—

First there were 2,000 in doublets, forming one batallion, handsome men, and in good array, with swords and bucklers, forming the vanguard; then the King's archers, 200 in number, with halberts. Next came some 400 gentlemen, all dressed in velvet, either black or crimson, and all wearing massive chains round their necks. They were followed by the lords (signori) of England, of whom not more than six or eight wore gold brocade; and including that material and “bigaroto,” those thus clad did not exceed 20 in number. Next came 12 mace bearers, then 12 trumpeters in green and white damask, then 12 heralds, all with the arms of England. The Constable of England followed with the drawn sword, preceding the King, who rode a light bay courser, and was dressed in a very beautiful doublet of cloth of silver, with a hood of cloth of gold at the back of his head, on which he wore a cap of black velvet, with a black feather which encircled the brim of the cap. He had 12 stirrup-men, dressed in brocade and crimson velvet. Beside him was the Cardinal, after whom came two pages in doublets, half of cloth of gold and half of crimson, riding seven coursers, the handsomest ever seen, all trapped alike with gold and silver, the King's own horse being trapped in like manner. In this order they marched a foot's pace.

Having seen this procession I went to witness that of our King, which was in this fashion. There were no footmen, but about 400 horses, all gentlemen in good trim, the doublets of cloth of gold being in the proportion of 20 to 1 of any other material. Then came the Switzers with their feathers in their caps, reaching to the clouds; then the 12 trumpeters or “miquelets” with 12 heralds, and the trombones, who played the whole time. They were followed by the Duke of Lorraine, Alençon, Yendome, La Trimouille, the Admiral, Mons. de S. Pol, the Marshals, and several other lords, all covered with stiff gold brocade. Then Mons. de Lautrec and his two brothers, Mons. de L'Esparre and L'Escu, and Chateaubriand, with doublets of stiff cloth of gold, and over the doublets a simar of brocatel, all four in one fashion. Then the Constable in a doublet of stiff brocade, bearing the drawn sword in advance of the King, the Constable being preceded by the Master of the Horse, the latter and his horse being both covered with much embroidery.

Next came the most Christian King, on a courser whose trapper was completely covered with gold. He wore a doublet of stiff brocade, with a simar like that of Mons. de Lautrec, but of black brocade, all covered with precious stones. By his side were 12 stirrup-men, clad in brocatel with his device; and then followed a great crowd of gentlemen, and the archers and the captains, all glittering with gold. In this array the two Kings arrived at the site appointed for the conference. The place is a valley within the English Pale, called anciently “the Vale of Gold” (vol de oro), in the centre of which was a tent of cloth of gold on crimson, belonging to the King of England. But first they were to meet at the distance of a stone's throw from the tent, at a spear fixed in the ground.

At each extremity of the valley is a hill, the two hills being of equal height; the one French, the other English.

The two Kings descended from their respective hills simultaneously into the valley. They were accompanied solely by the two Constables with the drawn swords, and each had two stirrup-men. When at the distance of about 12 paces from each other, the King of England doffed his bonnet, and urged his horse forward, and the most Christian King did the like. Having embraced and said a few words, they then dismounted, and after again embracing and remaining thus a short while in each others arms, they then moved towards the tent, our King being always on the right hand. They entered the tent talking and laughing, followed by the English Cardinal and the Admiral. After remaining there for an hour, the Constable of England introduced our Constable; shortly after which the Kings came forth. Then the princes of both nations paid their respects to the Kings, the “Viscontino”[Anchises Visconti?] making his appearance dressed in the Albanian fashion, which pleased much. The Kings remained until after sunset, then again embraced and mounted on horseback, and repeated their embraces, being apparently unable to quit each other.

Dated 7th June

 

 Interview between King Francis I. and King Henry VIII.

On the 7th of the month of June 1520, the festival of the Corpus Domini, the two Kings of England and France held their first conference in a field situate between the Castle of Ardres, belonging to the King of France, and that of Guisnes, belonging to the King of England. The King of France made his appearance richly clad. . . . . . . He rode a beautiful tall Spanish horse, all black, richly trapped. . . . . .

The King quitted Ardres with his retinue about the 21st hour. On his road, near the gate outside the town, the Queen and Madame [Louise], with a great number of ladies and princesses, were placed to see him pass; and when in front of Madame, he went out of the line, cap in hand, and spoke to her, uncovered; and then, having received her blessing, he proceeded to the site of the conference, being constantly met by English lords and gentlemen sent to do him honour by the King of England; to whom in like manner French noblemen went on behalf of their sovereign. The bands of the captains of the archers of the King of France, with Monsr. de la Trimouille and Monsr. de la Palisse, kept back the crowd, and prevented others than those appointed from coming to the spot. . . . . . . . .

The procession of the King of England was as follows:—First, 60 archers on horseback with their bows and arrows, being the King's guard; and as many more, the body-guard of Cardinal Wolsey, followed. Next came the Cardinal's gentlemen, all in crimson velvet, with gold chains round their necks; then the trumpeters; then a number of gentlemen in gold and silver brocade, all with their chains, and in the midst the ambassadors according to their grades. Next came the King in person, with six stirrup-men in crimson velvet and gold; the stirrup-men of the most Christian King being in cloth of silver and white velvet. The King of England wore cloth of silver, and feathers on his head, with a jewelled collar of great value round his neck in lieu of a chain, besides which he had a girdle of great price. He rode a very beautiful bay horse, with trappings like those of the most Christian King, and perhaps more richly jewelled. Cardinal Wolsey was on the left hand of his Majesty, and in advance of him two silver crosses were borne; he was clad in crimson satin. Eight coursers followed, the handsomest ever seen, all trapped in different fashions, but costly and superb; they were ridden by pages in brocade with crimson velvet. The King having moved processionally thus, met in a field a band of from 3,000 to 4,000 footmen, who joined and followed him. These footmen had only their swords, and were dressed in various liveries, being preceded by others with halberts, all dressed alike in velvet and cloth. In this order the English drew up on the ridge of the hill; the French being opposite to them on the corresponding eminence. Into the valley formed by these two hills the most Christian King descended, accompanied only by Monsr. de Bourbon, High Constable, the Admiral [Bonnivet], and the Master of the Horse [San Severino].

The King of England in like manner descended, accompanied by Cardinal Wolsey, the High Constable [Marquis of Dorset], and the Master of the Horse [Sir Henry Guylford].

The two Kings met each other on horseback, and having embraced and kissed, and exchanged a few words, cap in hand, they simultaneously dismounted, and again embraced thrice, bowing to each other with marks of very great love; and, arm in arm, they entered a tent of cloth of gold belonging to the King of England, where they remained together alone for about an hour, being occasionally joined by Cardinal Wolsey and the Admiral of France.

Whilst the Kings remained in the tent, a number of silver-gilt cups were brought, nearly six feet high,full of excellent wine, and other large gilt bowls with feet (piedi) of such a size that the hand could scarcely hold them; also spice cakes (un pocho forte). Liquor was distributed to all who would accept it, and they drank much, both on account of the heat and the great crowd. When the Kings came forth from the tent, the collation was served to them standing, and many lords and gentlemen from both sides descended into the valley on foot to the spot, the King of France embracing the Englishmen, and the King of England doing the like by the Frenchmen; and when the Kings returned to their lodgings it was already dark.

On the morrow, the 8th, when the three guns were fired as the appointed signal for departure, the two Kings proceeded with a small retinue to the site of the interview held on the preceding day to arrange the jousts by common consent; and they remained together for four hours, the collation being served with less ceremony than on the day before.

On the following Sunday the most Christian King went to Guis-nes, and the King of England to Ardres; the latter dining with the Queen of France, and the former with the Queen of England at a spot immediately outside the town of Guisnes, and over a bridge which traversed the moat.

The principle entrance of the Castle of Guisnes leads into a square court-yard, of which each side measures about 50 paces. Here, to the height of some three paces from the ground, the foundations are built of bricks, which support a planked floor, strewed all over with rushes, it being the custom thus to cover all the floors in England. Above this floor, externally, the building is partly of wood and partly of stones in squares, having the appearance of a real wall. This palace represents a square as aforesaid, and is divided into halls, saloons, and chambers, leading one into the other. Throughout the palace is adorned with silk and red roses, and the emblems of the King of England; and the platforms were similarly ornamented. But marvellous were the tapestries with which the whole palace was hung; all of gold and silk; some representing figures, others foliage, which it would not be possible to paint more beautifully; the figures really seemed alive

Outside this palace is a chapel completely covered with tissue (restagno) of gold and silver. On one side of the chapel is an altar, dedicated to the saint whose name the King bears, and on the other a similar altar consecrated to the Queen's patroness, both being most richly adorned with admirably painted altar-pieces, and ornaments necessary for the altar, all of massive gold, such as crosses, chalices, patens, paxes, basins, crewets, censers, and the like. The cloths in front of the altars are embroidered with pearls and precious stones of inestimable price. There are also two desks, at which the King and Queen kneel during the mass, the space being enclosed with cloth of gold, the canopy and cushions being of the same material. From these two great desks, through two large windows, there is visible the lower chapel, marvellously adorned with tapestry in like manner, with a highly decorated altar, where there are the seats of the chaplains who sing the mass and other divine services.

The King of France dined in the palace with the Queen of England. They were seated at the centre of the table opposite to each other under a costly canopy. Cardinal Wolsey dined at one of the extremities of the table. On the other side, some three yards distant from King Francis, the sister of the King of England, la Blanche Reine Mary*, widow of the late King Lewis, now Duchess of Suffolk, was placed; and no other person sat at the table. The viands were more dainty and exquisite than can be told, and their description is therefore omitted. Constantly during dinner the most excellent vocal and instrumental music was heard; a better performance was not possible. In the other halls a number of Lords and Princes who had accompanied the most Christian King dined, and after dinner there was a ball until night, the King himself dancing, and part of the time he made love to the ladies there

The like form of feasting and dancing was observed with regard the King of England by the Queen of France at Ardres; the Cardinal de Boissi sat at table with the King, instead of Cardinal Wolsey, and in lieu of la Blanche Reine the Duchess of Alençon, the most Christian King's sister. The decoration of this French palace was very beautiful, but neither so beautiful nor so costly as that of England, though as a match for the palace of Guisnes, the most Christian King pitched a marvellous tent, all of cloth of gold and tissue, with colours and figures, these cloths of gold being visible both within and without. As it was not completed on the 10th, the banquet took place in the palace within the town of Ardres.

On the morrow, the 11th, the jousts commenced, and were attended by both the Queens, with a very great number of most noble ladies, all vieing with each other in beauty and ornamented apparel, and for love of them each of the jousters endeavoured to display his valour and prowess, in order to find more favour with his sweetheart. And thus did they assemble daily to witness sword-fighting on horseback and on foot, and other tournaments and representations of war.

This lasted from the 11th of June to the 22nd, with interruptions on account of bad weather and other unavoidable causes. During this interval both parties kept open house like perfect friends, giving hope of good-will and union between these two nations, which for many years have been bred in hatred of each other; this change being effected through the wisdom and virtue of both the sovereigns, who are anxious for the peace of Christendom. . . . . .

The above-mentioned entertainments being ended, Cardinal Wolsey, on Saturday the 23rd of June, sang a solemn mass in the presence of the Kings and Queens, and of all the other princes, lords, and ladies, on the site of the conference between the two sovereigns, after which he gave plenary indulgence to all present; and the first stone was laid for the foundation and erection of a beautiful Church, entitled, “Our Lady of Friendship” (nostra Dona de la Amistà), to be built, provided with sacerdotal ornaments, and endowed at the cost of the two Kings; and such a number of chaplains is to be appointed as shall seem fit to them.

They also agreed, at their common cost, to build in that valley a very handsome palace, promising to visit each other there once every year.

On the 24th, the day of St. John the Baptist, they separated, both being in tears (as were well nigh all the others), by reason of the tender love contracted by them reciprocally; the most Christian King returning to Paris, and the King of England to Calais; both being not a little anxious still to remain together.

Every faithful Christian should pray God to render this fraternal union of the two Kings perpetual, for the benefit of Christendom and the advancement of our religion.

 

*Mary Tudor,sister of King Henry VIII

 

1521- Leo X to Wolsey

Thanks him for his efforts in extirpating the Lutheran heresy. Has learnt from the King's letters and those of the Nuncio, the bishop of Ascoli, that the Lutheran books have been burnt at a meeting of the most eminent persons of the realm, and before a great concourse of people. Thanks Wolsey for committing the administration of the see of Worcester to Julius de' Medici. Rome, 7 June 1521

1525 - Henry Fitzroy was made Knight of the Garter

1525-Small Monasteries are Suppressed by King Henry VIII

 

1527 - Pope Clement VII surrenders to emperor Charles V's armies

 

1532 - Birth of Amy Robsart,first wife of Lord Robert Dudley

Portrait miniature of an unknown lady, possibly Amy Robsart on the occasion of her wedding, 1550

 

1533-Francis I. to the Bailly Of Troyes.

 

Has received his letter of the 23rd. Desires him to tell Henry that he will follow his advice about informing the Germans of the proposed interview. In reference to the fear that the statute against matrimonial appeals to Rome would prevent the interview, considers, from what he hears from the cardinals Tournon and Grammont, that the interview is certain. It was, however, fixed to be held at Nice on July 15, but their letters of the 27th ult. say that the cardinals and physicians urge the Pope not to go to Nice in July on account of the heat, as, of 20 people who leave Rome then and fall ill, only three escape. The Pope was ready to adhere to the time fixed, but Francis has advised him to wait till the middle of August. Will spend the time at Mascon, Tournuz, and in the neighbourhood of Lyon. Has read the letters of the Bailly and Rostaing about the doings of the archbishop of Canterbury, and the intended coronation of the Queen at Whitsuntide. Lyons, 7 June 1533.

 

1534-Chapuys to Charles V.

 

La Guiche has brought the resolution of the interview of the King his master with this king, which is to take place in August in the same place as the last. There is no talk of the ladies being present nor of much attendance. La Guiche left this morning on his return, and with him the Waywode's man, who goes to settle his despatch in the court of France. As to what the Queen sent to tell me yesterday, the King, since the remonstrances I last made to his Council, has shown himself more merciful, having set at liberty her confessor,  physician, apothecary and some others, which has been to her a great consolation; but much greater has been the letters which it pleased you to write to her. She has already sent to me three or four messengers, to entreat me earnestly to procure licence to go to her, for which I have begged as much as I possibly can, and Cromwell sent yesterday to tell me that as soon as two doctors whom the King had again sent to the Queen had returned, I should have an answer which ought to satisfy you. London, 7 June 1534.

Letters of protestation by princess Mary, dated 7 June 1534, against the treatment she had received in being declared illegitimate and deprived of the title of princess of Wales. Declares that she will not marry, enter a monastery or take any such step at the will of her father without the free consent of her mother.

The following sentence and the signature are in her own hand: “Ita ut universa et singula in hac scriptura habentur, dicimus, narramus, asserimus, asseveramus ac pretestamur de mera nostra scientia ac matura deliberatione, teste meo manuali signo et sigillo meo.” The letters were sent to Eustache Chappuis, minister of the Emperor, and were authenticated by notarial attestation and signature of witnesses.

1536 - A water pageant was held in honour of Jane Seymour, the new queen, on the Thames.

 

 Princess Mary to Cromwell

"Good Mr. Secretary, I think so long to hear some comfort from the King's grace, my father, whereby I may perceive his Grace of his princely goodness and fatherly pity to have accepted my letter and withdrawn his displeasure towards me, that nature moveth me to be so bold to send his Grace a token, which my servant, this bearer, hath to deliver to you." Begs he will find means that the King may send her a token, which will be her greatest comfort till she is permitted to come to his presence. From Hownsdon the 7 of June.

1546 - Henry VIII and Francis I signed the Treaty of Ardres

 

1557 - England declares war on France

 

1594-Execution of Rodrigo López.He was a Portuguese physician, who served Queen Elizabeth I. Robert Devereux accused Lopez of conspiring with Spanish emissaries to poison the Queen. He was arrested on January 1, 1594, convicted in February, and subsequently hanged, drawn and quartered on June 7

1654 - Louis XIV crowned King of France

 

source:wikipedia,http://www.british-history.ac.uk/